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Haarlem in the Western Cape developed as a Langkloof settlement before being taken over by the Berlin Missionary Society in 1860. The mission was called Anhalt-Schmidt, but the older name Haarlem remained. The village's history also includes fruit farming and rail connections through the valley.
Historical reference: South African History Online ↗
Town history is an evolving local record. Additional archival sources, community accounts and photographs can help improve this article.